With the rapid development of infrared-detection technology,high-precision area blackbody radiation source as a calibration device for radiation measurement has become more popular in recent years. The temperature accuracy,temperature stability,temperature uniformity and reliability requirements are getting higher and higher. In this paper,the theoretical basis,working principle,development process and influencing factors of blackbody radiation source are elaborately studied. Through the research and experiment of prototype,we have accumulated rich experience,reached the requirements of technical parameters,and optimized the design.