X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectra,ultraviolet-visible light absorption spectra,differential thermal analyse (DTA)，infrared spectra and Raman spectra were used to analyze the component and structure of the rarely yellow serpentine jade.The results indicate that its main component is serpentine.IR spectra shows the absorption bands at 956cm-1，1080cm-1，3650cm-1belongs to stretching vibration of band Si-O.Tested by UV-Vis,its absorption is at 363nm，384nm so its color caused by the d-d electrons transition of Fe3+.Heated by high temperature,the serpentine jade losing its water was transformed to forsterite whose Raman shifts are 825cm-1 and 856cm-1.The archaizing results through the heat treatment have a certain significance and value on the identification of antique jade.