Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with stratified sampling method was used to identify four kinds of boletus.FTIR spectrums of 99 Boletus samples were tested.The results indicate that Boletus mainly contains proteins,polysaccharides and other substances.The original characteristic infrared spectras of the mushrooms are very similar and it is difficult to identify them superficially.Comparing their original spectrum and first derivative spectra using stratified sampling method,results show that the original spectrum matching reaches an accuracy of 98％.First derivative spectral matching accuracy was 100%.The study demonstrates that wild mushrooms can be identified at species level by FTIR spectra combined with stratified sampling.It offers a potential method for the correct classification on fungi system.