In order to make high-speed real-time spectrum data acquisition and processing in Mach-Zehnder interferometer,design and implement of a hardware programming in FPGA is presented.The system collected interferometer fringes of Mach-Zehnder with the CMOS detector,and then put the gray information of interference fringes into the FPGA chip.Through the noise removal,apodization,fast Fourier transform,the incident laser is calibrated.Through apodization windowing and other treatment,the system uses base-2 fast Fourier transform and the method of standard wavelength comparison to get spectrum data.In FPGA simulation software environment,the timing proves to be correct.Hardware debugging is carried out with three lasers with respectively central wavelength of 580 nm,690 nm,870 nm.The system composes of the Mach-Zehnder Interferometer and the FPGA.Results of our system are compared with the results of the GSI8013NIR fiber optic spectrometer.The error is less than ±1 nm,which meets the design requirements.