For the performance test of a satellite-based laser ranging system on ground,high-precision,stable and adjustable simulation distance light pulse are needed,thus the adjustable distance simulation technology has been developed.The basic principles of adjustable distance simulator and system′s self-correction are introduced in this paper.An adjustable distance simulation system was designed which consists of laser receiving,delay control,high-precision signal delay,lasers,correction fiber and balanced amplified photodetector etc.Meanwhile a self-correction system was designed to overcome the parameter drift of the adjustable distance simulator.The precision and stability of this simulator satisfy the demands of most domestic satellite-based laser ranging sensors′ performance tests.That has been proven by experiments and practical application.