The paper studies the palm vein image acquisition device.Analyzing the principle of the acquisition device,it was designed a dual circle near infrared light source structure which has uniform light intensity distribution.And it is proposed a vein image quality assessment method based on Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrfx and fuzzy logic.The relationship between the contrast,entropy,correlation and vein texture information is also investigated.The established fuzzy inference system can make optimal evaluation for image quality,thus validates the performance of the acquisition system.The acquisition device is small in size and low in cost.The vein images gotten by the device meet the requirement of subsequent processing of vein recognition system.