According to the technical requirement of removing rust and paint for ammunition repair,experimental research of removing rust and paint was made by using 20 W fiber laser for the specimens with different materials and surface conditions,and the effect of laser removing rust and paint was analyzed from the surface treatment quality,working environment friendliness,surface temperature change and working performance. The results show that the theory of laser washing technology for removing rust and paint of the ammunition is feasible,but the relationship among laser characteristic parameter,surface treatment quality and working performance must be handled.