High-performance mid-infrared laser has important application value in some fields,such as science research,civil and military confrontation.Tandem optical parametric oscillation and amplification technology can significantly improve the utilization of pump photons,and is an effective way to obtain high conversion efficiency,high beam quality and high integration of mid-infrared laser.The basic theory,typical structure and common nonlinear optical crystal of tandem optical parametric oscillation and amplification technology are introduced in the paper.The research progress of tandem optical parametric oscillation and amplification technology is reviewed.Scientific challenges of the tandem optical parametric oscillation and amplification technology on crystal growth,waste heat management and coating are analyzed,and its development trend is also predicted.