In order to solve the problem that the traditional method is not ideal for the image segmentation under the noise and background interference,an image enhancement and segmentation algorithm based on gradient image convolution is designed.Firstly,the spatial gray distribution characteristics of the spot,background and noise are analyzed.Then,according to the difference between the target and the interference in the spatial distribution of gradient feature,a convolution template adapted to the target scale is constructed.The template is convolved with the gradient map of the spot image to suppress background and noise while enhancing spot feature.Finally,based on the noise suppression image,the segmentation result of laser spot is obtained by using threshold segmentation and spot feature discrimination.Compared with the traditional spot segmentation algorithm,the experimental results show that under background and noise interference the algorithm has stronger anti-noise ability and effectively solves the problem of laser spot targets segmentation.