In this paper,a non standard ship identification characters detector based on object detection and fuzzy matching mechanism was designed according to YOLOv3. Through the application of ship video monitoring system,the ship identification system is verified and improves the reliability of ship identification. YOLOv3 frames object detection simplify detection to a regression problem to obtain category of objects and associated class probabilities via one single network. Therefore,the accuracy and real time of the detection are ensured. For the problem of rust and occlusion of the non standard ship identification characters,the innovation point is designing a limited Chinese library of ship names and fuzzy matching mechanism on the basis of the detection system,thus effectively improving the accuracy of detection.