In order to monitor the static stress field of the winding transformer and the dynamic stress change in the event of a short circuit and other faults,a new type of FBG sensor for monitoring the state of electrical equipment is designed.The sensor is composed of FBG encapsulated by polyether ether ketone material,and the axial stress concentrated on the sensitive position of the FBG through the internal conical cavity structure.Through simulation,the stress field part and deformation trend of the sensor structure are calculated and analyzed under different pressure intensities,thus the rationality of the design is demonstrated.The static load and dynamic impact are tested separately.The experimental results show that in the static ballast test,when 100 N