In this paper,a distributed physical structure model of substation high voltage equipment based on laser SLAM(Simultaneous Localization and Mapping)technology is designed to accurately obtain the position information of high voltage equipment and effectively establish a distributed physical structure model of high voltage equipment.UAV equipped with LiDAR sensor and inertial measurement units are used to scan and measure the environmental information of high pressure equipment in construction.Based on the scanning information of the LiDAR sensor,the position information of the equipment is solved by laser SLAM technology.The attitude angle information measured by inertial measurement unit is fused by extended Kalman filter algorithm.Weighted data fusion algorithm is used to fuse position information and position angle information to obtain the final position information of the device.According to the final position information,a real 3D model of the device is established.Through building information model,a BIM(Building Information Modeling)model of equipment is established.Revit software is used to construct the relationship between two models in an automatic correlation way to obtain the distributed physical structure model of the device.Experiments show that the model can accurately obtain the position information of the equipment and effectively establish a clear distributed physical structure model.The model can effectively integrate the attitude angle of equipment and improve the smoothness of the attitude angle measurement curve.