无人机影像联合LiDAR点云的城市建筑三维建模
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3D Modeling of urban buildings using UAV imageryand airborne LiDAR point clouds
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    摘要:

    随着实景三维中国建设不断深化,城市级实景三维建设是构建实景三维中国的重要数据载体,其中的建筑物三维模型是城市级实景三维建设的重要内容。目前利用单一数据源构建城市区域建筑物三维模型会出现空洞、变形、拉花等问题,导致建模不完整。针对上述问题,提出了一种将无人机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,UAV)倾斜摄影测量获得的影像和机载激光雷达(Light Detection and Ranging,LiDAR)点云数据进行配准融合进行三维建模的方法来解决上述问题。首先通过无人机系统分别获取到LiDAR点云数据和UAV影像数据,通过空中三角测量得到UAV点云。其次基于点云粗配准,利用KD tree改进的最邻近迭代(Iterative Closest Point,ICP)算法进行点云精配准实现点云的配准融合,构建出完整的三维模型。以云南省红河州蒙自市实景三维建设项目进行实验验证,结果表明:利用KD tree改进的ICP算法能够显著提升配准效率和精度,配准融合后构建三维模型,完整度和精细度更好,能更完整地表现出建筑物的信息,有效解决了三维模型出现空洞、变形、拉花的问题。

    Abstract:

    With the continuous advancement of 3D real scene China construction,city level 3D real scene modeling serves as crucial data infrastructure,where 3D building models constitute essential components.Current methods relying on single data sources for urban building reconstruction often suffer from defects such as voids,deformation,and texture stretching,leading to incomplete modeling.To address these issues,an integrated 3D modeling method combining UAV oblique photogrammetry images with airborne LiDAR point cloud data through registration and fusion is proposed in this paper.Initially,both LiDAR point clouds and UAV imagery are acquired through aerial surveys,with UAV point clouds generated via aerial triangulation.Subsequently,a two stage point cloud registration approach is implemented:coarse alignment followed by refined registration using a KD tree optimized Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm,achieving effective point cloud fusion for complete 3D reconstruction.Experimental validation through the 3D real scene construction project in Mengzi City,Honghe Prefecture,Yunnan Province demonstrates that the KD tree enhanced ICP algorithm significantly improves registration efficiency and accuracy.The fused 3D models exhibit enhanced completeness and refinement in architectural details,effectively resolving issues of model voids,deformation,and texture artifacts.

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李鹏飞,韩磊.无人机影像联合LiDAR点云的城市建筑三维建模[J].激光与红外,2026,56(2):197~201
LI Peng-fei, HAN Lei.3D Modeling of urban buildings using UAV imageryand airborne LiDAR point clouds[J]. LASER & INFRARED,2026,56(2):197~201

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-02-10
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