During the laser surface treatment of composite insulator cores,inappropriate laser parameter combinations can lead to excessive energy accumulation time,resulting in irreversible surface damage such as on the treated surface.To achieve controllable surface morphology modification and avoid thermal damage risks,a three dimensional finite element model is constructed using glass fiber/epoxy resin pultruded rods as the object.The influence law of multi parameter coupling of the laser on the surface temperature field is simulated and analyzed,and the temperature safety threshold is determined.Furthermore,the coupling effects of parameters within the threshold range on surface morphology are systematically investigated through experiments combined with the Response Surface Methodology (RSM).Results show that the simulated temperature fields are found to be similar to the measured results,validating the reliability of the model.Within effective thresholds,power and scanning speed (p<0.0001) significantly affect Ra with contribution rates of 27.3% and 51.0%,respectively.And their interaction shows significance (p=0.0018,contribution rate 11.8%).The speed quadratic term (p=0.0193) indicates Ra changes nonlinearly with speed,which gradually stabilized after the critical value of 65mm/s.The effect of frequency shows insignificant effects (p>0.05).